With high blood pressure, a deadly pathology of the cardiovascular system develops. Characteristic jumps are dangerous to health, and in the absence of timely treatment, doctors do not exclude a hypertensive crisis. 30% of all patients face such a problem, and the symptom keeps getting younger.
What is hypertension
Arterial hypertension is an independent disease in which blood pressure is disturbed. If previously only adult patients suffered from a characteristic disease, today young people are also at risk. High blood pressure without timely treatment can lead to disability, lead to the death of a person.
When measuring the outlet pressure, a double indicator is obtained. By deciphering it, you can get a real clinical picture. The first value characterizes the systolic pressure (upper), corresponding to the force of contraction of the heart walls. The second is diastolic (lower), demonstrating pathogenesis during myocardial relaxation. Hypertension can be diagnosed at home using a conventional tonometer, but requires clarification in a hospital setting.
Degrees
The pathological process attacks gradually, the symptoms increase imperceptibly, frighten with their intensity and cause other heart problems. In the body, hypertension manifests itself in one of three degrees - what it is, the cardiologist will tell you. The conditional classification of a characteristic disease with brief characteristics is presented below:
- The first degree is elementary. The increase in blood pressure is insignificant, limited to 139-159 / 90-99 mm Hg. From Art. At first, the symptom appears unexpectedly, then imperceptibly disappears. Pathology can still be cured.
- The second degree is moderate. Possible deviations from the norm remain between 160 and 180/100 and 110 mm Hg. Art. , while it is almost impossible to stabilize this indicator. The risk of hypertensive crisis increases.
- The third degree is pronounced. Deviations from the norm are frightening in their magnitude, approaching 180 and above / 111 mm Hg. From art. If hypertension manifests itself in this way, the degree of the pathological process leads to a violation of cardiac activity.
Kinds
This disease has several conditional classifications that help the specialist to characterize the clinical picture as accurately as possible, to make an adequate diagnosis and to choose the most effective treatment for the rapid relief of anxiety symptoms. All existing types of hypertension are briefly described below:
- by etiology: arterial hypertension of the primary and secondary forms;
- symptomatic (secondary) hypertension: drug-induced, endocrine, hemodynamic, renal, neurogenic;
- by complications: hypertensive crisis, malignant or labile hypertension.
Causes of hypertension
To ensure a long period of remission, it is important to study the etiology of the pathological process. The main causes of hypertension are impaired blood circulation in the vessels, limited flow in the left ventricle of the heart. In modern medicine, there is a completely logical explanation for this - structural changes in blood vessels with age, the formation of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques in their cavities.
At men's
Women are more prone to a characteristic disease, but it can also progress in the male body. The main causes of hypertension in men are given below, but experts strongly recommend avoiding these provoking factors and eliminating them from your life in a timely manner. It is:
- stressful situations;
- genetic predisposition;
- bad habits;
- has previously suffered injuries associated with a violation of the circulatory system;
- age-related changes in blood vessels, loss of elasticity;
- alcoholism;
- tendency or presence of one of the forms of obesity.
In women
If hypertension progresses in the female body - what it is, you can find out at the appointment with the local therapist, a highly specialized specialist. The diagnosis is unpleasant, difficult to treat effectively. In order to avoid complications in a timely manner, it is important to know the main causes of hypertension in women. It is:
- severe emotional shock, crisis, prolonged stress;
- overweight, obesity;
- disturbed hormonal background;
- premenopausal state;
- increased blood cholesterol;
- advanced age of the patient.
Signs of high blood pressure
Knowing what hypertension is, the patient must react quickly to changes in the general condition characteristic of the disease. Differentiating hypertension is not easy, it is the task of the doctor, so it is important not to delay the diagnosis. There is an instability of blood pressure, subject to external stimuli. Other signs of hypertension depend on the sex of the prospective cardiologist patient.
In women
Representatives of the weaker sex react sharply to the slightest changes in health, so it is easier for them to recognize the appearance of a problem in their own body. The disease can overtake the patient in an "interesting position". The main signs of hypertension in women are:
- spontaneous headaches at different times of the day;
- vision landing, loss of sharpness with sharp turns of the body and head;
- swelling of the lower extremities;
- excessive irritability;
- facial puffiness in the morning.
At men's
At first, patients do not experience any changes in their general well-being, and the lesser ailments refer to increased physical activity, excessive fatigue or an environmental factor. Over time, the symptoms of hypertension in men become more pronounced, suggestive of progressive heart failure. It is:
- reduced potency, sexual problems;
- drop in concentration;
- increased shortness of breath;
- depressed state;
- flies in front of the eye syndrome with sudden movements.
Treatment
Knowing who hypertensive patients are, we can say with certainty that these people have to "sit" on pills all their lives in order to maintain their general health at the "satisfactory" level. There is no way to completely cure the disease, but it is quite possible to treat it. If you want to know how to treat hypertension, the features of the conservative method are presented below. Necessary:
- Perform all necessary tests to determine the stage and form of the disease.
- Give up bad habits, follow a therapeutic diet.
- Regularly take drugs with antihypertensive action;
- Eliminate the risk of complications by regular examination by a specialist, folk remedies.
How to treat high blood pressure without medication
If there is no desire to take antihypertensive drugs, and the attitude towards drugs is strongly negative, what to do with hypertension? Doctors recommend going outdoors more often, taking multivitamin complexes with iron to maintain systemic circulation, giving up bad habits and choosing effective cardio exercises. Do not lead an isolated life. However, at the stage of relapse, you still need to take hypertensive drugs in order to avoid the risk of complications during the work of the myocardium.
Diet for hypertension and heart disease
Therapeutic nutrition eliminates salt intake, is aimed at controlling the water balance of the body. If hypertension is diagnosed - what exactly is it, how to treat it, the cardiologist will tell you. For example, a diet for hypertension and heart disease provides the following restrictions in the patient's usual diet. The following foods are considered prohibited:
- beverages containing caffeine;
- spicy, pickles, smoked meats;
- waste;
- alcohol;
- fatty meal.
If it's chronic hypertension, what about nutrition? Authorized:
- lean meat;
- unsalted cereals;
- dairy products.